Nurse practitioner Deborah Beauplan administers a COVID-19 swab test at a drive-thru testing site set up for Suffolk County, New York.
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The U.S. has a long way to go before the pandemic is over and life returns to semblance of normalcy as deaths from Covid-19 remain far higher than seasonal respiratory viruses such as the flu, a group of two dozen scientists, doctors and public health experts said in a 136-page report published Monday.
The report lays out a road map for the U.S. to transition to a new normal in which the country can live with Covid without major disruptions to daily life. While the nation has made progress, Covid is still causing an “intolerable” level of death that far exceeds the toll of the flu and respiratory syncytial virus, or RSV, even during bad years, according to the experts.
In years past, as many as 1,150 people died weekly from respiratory viruses like flu and RSV without the implementation emergency mitigation measures. However, Covid’s death toll remains about 10 times higher with 12,000 people succumbing to the virus some weeks, according to the report. More than 9,000 people have died in the last week alone from Covid, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
White House chief medical advisor Dr. Anthony Fauci has previously said the U.S. can safely return to a more normal way of life when the disease burden from Covid resembles common respiratory viruses such as the flu and RSV.
“Make no mistake, the United States is far from a normal situation,” the authors wrote.
Several of the report’s authors are leading health experts who served on President Joe Biden’s Covid transition team. They include Michael Osterholm, head of the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy in Minnesota; Dr. Zeke Emanuel at the University of Pennsylvania’s Medical Ethics and Health Policy department; Dr. Luciana Borio, a fellow for global health at the Council on Foreign Relations; and Rick Bright, CEO of the Pandemic Prevention Institute among others.
The report comes as elected leaders across the nation are lifting public health measures in response to a dramatic decline in Covid infections and hospitalizations from the peak of the omicron wave this winter.
Biden, in his State of the Union speech last week, said the nation was returning to normalcy and encouraged Americans to return to working in person. In addition, the CDC has said more than 90% of Americans live in areas where they can take off face masks under the agency’s new Covid guidance.
New Jersey on Monday ended its public health emergency that was declared in response to omicron, and New York City has lifted its school mask mandate as well as its vaccine requirement for indoor dining. The states were two of the hardest-hit places in the country during the first Covid wave in the spring of 2020 and during the omicron surge this winter.
The report noted that higher levels of immunity in the population due to vaccination and natural infection would make even a worst case not as bad as feared. In this pessimistic scenario, as many as 264,000 people could die from Covid between now and March 2023 if a new variant emerges that infects 80% of the U.S. with 0.1% of those who catch it dying, according to the report. This is about half the death toll suffered in each of the previous two years of the pandemic in the U.S.
In an optimistic scenario, the future annual death toll from Covid might be as low as 20,000, according to the report.
“This is less dire than many expected,” the authors wrote. “This is mostly a result of higher population immunity through vaccination and infection rates.”
However, the report’s authors warned against complacency, inaction and “premature triumphalism.”
The report called for the U.S. to make major investments to better manage Covid moving forward. The White House should create a post on the National Security Council to advise the president on monitoring and preparing for pandemic threats, according to the report. The deputy assistant of biosecurity would also coordinate efforts to counter anti-science information on vaccines and drugs.
The U.S. should also invest in a multi-drug oral antiviral cocktail through a program similar to Operation Warp Speed, which developed effective vaccines in record time, as the virus is expected to develop resistance to any single drug, according to the report. The U.S. should also improve wastewater, air and animal surveillance to track Covid variants and other respiratory viruses, it said.
The report also called for investments in public health and the health-care workforce, expanded research into long Covid and requiring better air ventilation in building codes among other recommendations.
Biden, during his State of the Union speech, said the U.S. is taking steps to prepare for another Covid variant. He said the U.S. can deploy new vaccines within 100 days if another variant threatens the effectiveness of the current shots. The president also announced a program in which people who test positive for Covid at pharmacies and community health centers can receive Pfizer’s oral antiviral pill at no cost on the spot.
“I cannot promise a new variant won’t come. But I can promise you we’ll do everything within our power to be ready if it does,” Biden said.
New Covid infections in the U.S. have declined 94% from a pandemic record in January. The U.S. reported a daily average of more than 46,000 new Covid cases on Sunday, down from a high of more than 802,000 on Jan. 15, according to a CNBC analysis of data from Johns Hopkins University. Hospitalizations are down 79% from the peak during the omicron wave, according to data from the CDC.
